一个现代的罗马式混凝土,在白天具有辐射冷却能力
Jorge S Dolado1,2, Guido Goracci1, Ghizlane Moutaoukil1
1Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU), San Sebastián, 20018, Spain.
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 12, 2025
概括
研究人员开发了以罗马为灵感的混凝土,具有被动白天辐射冷却 (PDRC) 特性. 这种创新材料显著降低了城市热量和能源消耗,为全球变暖减缓提供了可持续的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 可持续建筑技术 可持续建筑技术
- 气候变化缓解缓解 气候变化缓解
背景情况:
- 全球变暖需要建筑物和城市区域的创新解决方案.
- 被动日间辐射冷却 (PDRC) 材料显示出前景,但尚未取代混凝土等常规材料.
- 城市环境面临着气温上升和能源需求的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种具有PDRC能力的新型混凝土材料.
- 将PDRC功能集成到广泛使用的建筑材料中.
- 评估这种材料在减少城市热岛效应和能源消耗方面的潜力.
主要方法:
- 开发罗马式混凝土,结合PDRC特性.
- 材料属性的表征:太阳反射率和长波红外 (LWIR) 发射率.
- 在模拟太阳能条件下测试冷却功率和降温的实验测量.
- 对节能和城市温度影响的模拟.
主要成果:
- 开发的混凝土具有高太阳反射率 (≈0.95) 和LWIR发射率 (≈0.91).
- 在没有对流屏蔽的情况下,在850W/m2太阳能强度下,达到超过45W/m2的冷却功率.
- 在高太阳辐射 (高达985W/m2) 条件下,在炎热的日子 (30°C+) 保持2°C低于周围空气的证明能力.
结论:
- PDRC混凝土为能源效率提供了一个廉价,可扩展和可持续的解决方案.
- 在炎热的气候下,减少能源消耗和二氧化碳排放约50%的潜力.
- 可以显著降低城市表面温度,减轻热浪,提高气候适应力.
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