因果推理框架揭示了地中海饮食优越性和炎症调解途径的死亡率预防:对九种常见饮食模式的比较分析
Jianlin Lin1, Qiletian Wang1, Xiaoxia Liu1
1Faculty of Applied Sciences, Macao Polytechnic University, Macau 999078, China.
Foods (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
概括
另类地中海饮食 (aMED) 强烈降低了全因和心血管死亡风险. 炎症标志物显著调解这些饮食与死亡率的关联,强调炎症作为治疗点.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 因果推理因果推理
- 预防慢性疾病 预防慢性疾病
背景情况:
- 由于观察性研究的局限性,现有的饮食指数缺乏比较有效性的数据.
- 这项研究通过使用因果推理来比较九个饮食指数来弥补这一差距.
- 研究炎症途径作为饮食死亡率关联的调解者.
研究的目的:
- 为了因果比较九个饮食指数在减少全因和心血管死亡率方面的有效性.
- 研究炎症标志物在饮食死亡率关系中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了33881名成年人的饮食数据,平均随访时间为92个月.
- 应用因果定向非循环图和通用倾向得分匹配用于混控制.
- 使用Cox比例危险回归和多重附加回归树 (MART) 进行中介分析.
主要成果:
- 较高的饮食炎症指数 (DII) 分数增加了全因和心血管死亡风险 (7%).
- 另类地中海饮食 (aMED) 显示出最强的保护作用,减少全因 (12%) 和心血管死亡率 (11%).
- 炎症标志物,包括中性粒细胞与血小板的比率 (NPR) 和全身免疫炎症指数 (SII),显著介导了饮食与死亡率的联系.
结论:
- 另类地中海饮食 (aMED) 证明了与降低死亡率的最强的因果关系.
- 炎症通路,特别是NPR和SII,是饮食和死亡率之间的关键媒介.
- 这些发现支持优先考虑地中海饮食模式,并在公共卫生和临床实践中准炎症.
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