一个可解释的深度学习框架,用于多模式自闭症诊断,使用XAI GAMI-Net和超级网络
Wajeeha Malik1, Muhammad Abuzar Fahiem1, Tayyaba Farhat2
1Department of Computer Science, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54500, Pakistan.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种用于自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 诊断的新型深度学习框架,将行为和神经成像数据结合起来,实现高度准确的个性化识别. 可解释模型显著提高了诊断准确性,帮助临床医生识别ASD模式.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 由于异质的行为和神经系统模式,提出了复杂的诊断挑战.
- 目前的自闭症诊断依赖于熟练的专业人员和彻底的检查,这可能是耗时的,并取决于个人的专业知识.
- 深度学习有可能通过自动化行为和神经成像模式的识别和分类来提高ASD诊断的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 为自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 开发一种新的多式联络诊断框架.
- 将结构化行为表型和结构磁共振成像 (sMRI) 数据集成到一个可解释和个性化的系统中.
- 通过先进的机器学习技术,提高ASD诊断的准确性和效率.
主要方法:
- 为了透明地嵌入临床行为表型,采用了具有相互作用的通用添加模型 (GAMI-Net).
- 一个混合卷积神经网络-图形神经网络 (CNN-GNN) 模型从sMRI数据中提取了结构性大脑特征.
- 一个自动编码器将交叉模式的嵌入融入到一个共同的潜伏空间中,其次是基于超级网络的MLP分类器,用于个性化分类.
主要成果:
- 多式联网系统在ABIDE-I数据集中的持有测试集上实现了高诊断准确率 (准确率为99.40%,ROC-AUC为99.99%).
- 通过五倍交叉验证进行概括性测试,证明了强大的性能 (98.56%的平均准确率,99.62%的ROC-AUC).
- 该框架成功地将行为和神经成像数据结合起来,用于精确的ASD分类.
结论:
- 可解释和个性化的多式联络融合在帮助临床医生准确诊断ASD方面显示出重大前景.
- 开发的框架为提高临床实践中的诊断能力提供了一个强大的工具.
- 建议对更大,多个站点的数据集进行进一步验证,以确保跨多种人群的稳定性.
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