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相关概念视频

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

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The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
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Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
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生物降解型特聚合物尺度抑制剂的合成和表征.

Fei Gao1,2,3,4, Peng Xu1,2,3,4, Yongqing Zhang5

  • 1School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
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概括

一种新型可降解的聚合物缩抑制剂MA-AA-AMPS有效地防止油田注入水中的缩. 这种环保的解决方案在各种条件和温度下提供高效率.

关键词:
可生物降解,可生物降解.碳酸的碳酸尺度上的.硫酸尺度上的硫酸盐.尺度抑制剂的尺度抑制剂一个聚合物聚合物.

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科学领域:

  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 石油工程是石油工程中的一个.
  • 环境科学 环境科学

背景情况:

  • 油田注水系统的规模化带来了重大的运营和经济挑战.
  • 现有的缩抑制剂可能缺乏效率,热稳定性或环境兼容性.

研究的目的:

  • 为了合成和表征一个新的可降解的聚合物尺度抑制剂用于油田应用.
  • 为了评估合成的尺度抑制剂的性能和环境影响.

主要方法:

  • 马莱氨基无水化物,烯酸和2-烯-2-甲基硫酸的水溶液聚合.
  • 使用确认功能组和热稳定性的技术进行表征.
  • 在不同的pH值,温度和度下进行规模抑制试验.
  • 使用BOD5/COD比率和降解率进行生物降解评估.

主要成果:

  • 合成的MA-AA-AMPS聚合物含有具有良好的热稳定性的炭基,硫基和胺基.
  • 在2%的剂量下达到80%以上的抑制效率,在pH3-8之间稳定.
  • 在150°C时表现出超过50%的抑制,并对高环境有很好的耐受性.
  • 生物降解测试显示,15天的降解率超过50% (30天的降解率为83.4%),表明环保性 (BOD5/COD>0.3).

结论:

  • MA-AA-AMPS 聚合物是一种高效和环保的油田注入水的缩放抑制剂.
  • 在具有挑战性的条件下 (pH,温度,高) 的强大性能使其适合要求苛刻的油田环境.
  • 聚合物的可降解性解决了与传统缩抑制剂相关的环境问题.