在执行相同的手工密集型工作任务时,手腕速度和前臂肌肉活动是否存在性别差异?
Gunilla Dahlgren1,2, Per Liv3, Fredrik Öhberg4
1Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
概括
执行手工密集型任务的女性比男性体验到更高的肌肉活动和更短的恢复时间. 风险评估必须考虑性别特异性差异,以防止与工作有关的肌肉骨疾病.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 人体工程学就是人体工程学.
- 生物机械工程 生物机械工程
背景情况:
- 上肢肌肉骨疾病 (MSDs) 在女性中比男性更为普遍,特别是在手工密集型职业中.
- 当前的职业风险评估往往缺乏性别特异性考虑,可能会忽视差异性的暴露.
- 了解生物力学负荷的性别差异对于有效的MSD预防至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较男性和女性工人执行相同的手工密集型任务之间的手腕关节速度和前臂肌肉活动的客观测量.
- 调查职业任务期间生物力学暴露的潜在性别差异.
- 为预防与工作有关的MSD提供性别特异性风险评估策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 28对男女对完成了18个标准化手工密集型现场任务中的一项.
- 用可穿戴惯性测量单位量化了手腕角速度.
- 使用表面电肌图测量前臂肌肉活动,将其正常化为最大自愿电激活 (MVE),并分析百分位数和肌肉恢复时间.
主要成果:
- 两性之间手腕角速度百分点没有发现显著差异.
- 与男性工人相比,女性工人表现出明显更高的肌肉活动 (1.3到2.8倍).
- 妇女在肌肉恢复上花费的时间明显少于男性 (<0.5%MVE).
结论:
- 尽管手腕速度相似,但女性工人在手工密集型任务中经历了更大的肌肉炼和减少恢复.
- 目前的风险评估方法可能低估了女性的职业风险,因为缺乏性别特定分析.
- 优先考虑性别特定的评估,特别是对于女性来说,对于全面保护与工作相关的肌肉骨疾病至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:16Muscles that Move the Forearm
3.8K
The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
3.8K
01:16Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers
2.4K
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
2.4K
01:10Work and Energy for Variable Forces
5.6K
When an object is acted upon by a variable force, the amount of work done and the change in energy of the object can be more complex to calculate compared to when a constant force is applied. Work is the product of force and displacement, while energy is the capacity of a system to do work. When a constant force is applied to an object, the work done can be calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force. However, when a variable force is applied, the...
5.6K
01:31Muscles that Move the Arm
4.7K
Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
4.7K