评估基础模型的通用性,以识别帕金森病中的运动检查
Christopher Gundler1, Alexander Johannes Wiederhold1, Monika Pötter-Nerger2
1Institute for Applied Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
概括
在健康个体上预训练的基础模型可以改善帕金森病 (PD) 运动症状的机器学习. 微调这些模型提高了临床应用的概括性,即使患者数据有限.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 运动障碍 运动障碍
背景情况:
- 对于帕金森病 (PD) 运动症状的机器学习通常受到小数据集和糟糕的概括性的影响.
- 通过自我监督学习在大型未标记数据集上训练的基础模型为数据稀缺场景提供了有希望的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估微调基础模型的稳定性和通用性,以识别PD相关的运动.
- 为了比较从头开始训练的模型与在预先训练的重量上微调的模型的性能.
主要方法:
- 利用了51名PD参与者在三个培训/微调设置中的加速度计数据.
- 对从头开始训练,部分微调和完全微调的模型进行了嵌套交叉验证结果的比较.
- 在临床环境中使用24名新的PD患者的数据评估了模型的概括性和稳定性.
主要成果:
- 微调基础模型 (部分:F1=0.70,全部:F1=0.69) 在交叉验证中显著超过了从头开始的训练 (F1=0.55).
- 在临床测试中,微调模型与从头开始的训练相比,显示出更好的概括性和传感器定向稳定性 (部分:F1=0.48,全:F1=0.43,:F1=0.33).
结论:
- 在健康个体上进行预训练并对PD进行微调的基础模型显示出对临床应用的增强通用性.
- 这种方法在运动障碍分析中有效优化有限的患者数据集的性能.
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