用手腕穿戴可穿戴设备检测各种发作类型:机器学习方法的比较
Louis Faust1, Jie Cui2, Camille Knepper1
1Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
概括
腕式可穿戴设备和机器学习 (ML) 显示出除了通用性增强性-克隆性 (GTC) 之外的各种发作类型的检测有希望. 然而,性能不同,非运动性仍然难以准确检测.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 神经学 神经学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 目前的发作检测方法通常集中在通用性强力-克隆性 (GTC) 发作上.
- 需要可穿戴技术来检测更广泛的发作类型,包括焦点和亚临床发作.
- 机器学习 (ML) 提供了分析可穿戴设备复杂生物信号数据的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 评估使用带有ML的手腕可穿戴设备用于检测各种发作类型的可行性.
- 评估不同ML模型和数据处理策略用于发作检测的有效性.
- 确定基于可穿戴设备的发作检测系统的局限性和需要改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 在住院视频EEG期间,使用Empatica E4手腕戴式设备监测了28名患者.
- 设备收集了加速度计,血液体积脉冲,皮肤活动,皮肤温度和心率数据.
- 评估了XGBoost,深度学习 (LSTM,CNN,变压器) 和ROCKET模型,使用不同段长和特征集的leave-one-patient-out交叉验证.
主要成果:
- 最可靠的检测方法是通用性强力-克隆性 (GTC) 发作 (AUROC = 0.86,SW-RECALL = 0.81).
- 超运动和强力发作的回忆率很高,但错误警报率也很高.
- 亚临床和意识失认性发作显示回忆率最低和错误警报率最高;较长的段 (60s) 减少了错误警报.
结论:
- 结合ML的手腕穿戴可穿戴设备可以检测超出GTC类型的发作,但对非运动性发作的有效性有限.
- 模型选择,特征集和细分长度优化对于临床实用性至关重要.
- 尽量减少虚假警报对于可穿戴发作检测技术的现实世界采用至关重要.
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