一个可扩展的分比秒TDC基于从自由运行的振荡器对双相信号的模拟采样
Roberto Cardella1, Luca Iodice1, Lorenzo Paolozzi1
1Department of Nuclear and Particle Physics (DPNC), University of Geneva, 24 Rue du Général-Dufour, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
概括
本研究引入了一种新的时间到数字转换器,可实现先进检测系统的皮秒精度. 它的设计提供了高精度,低功耗,并适用于像LiDAR和光子计数等应用.
科学领域:
- 电气工程 电气工程
- 集成电路设计 集成电路设计
- 信号处理 信号处理
背景情况:
- 精确的时间测量对于各种科学和技术应用至关重要.
- 现有的时间数字转换器 (TDC) 在精度,功耗和通道密度方面存在局限性.
- 需要新的架构来满足高性能检测系统的需求.
研究的目的:
- 介绍一个新的时间转换数字 (TDC) 架构.
- 为了证明时间间隔测量的高精度和线性.
- 评估设计是否适用于高通道密度和高计数率应用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个基于从自由运行的振荡器对双相周期信号进行模拟采样的TDC.
- 使用130nm CMOS技术实现了一个概念验证的特定应用集成电路 (ASIC).
- 描述了ASIC的性能,包括单射精度,线性,功耗和计数率.
主要成果:
- 达到0.9 ps-rms (最佳:0.79 ps-rms) 的平均单射精度,间隔长达3 ns.
- 保持精度低于3.7ps-rms的时间间隔长达25ns.
- 证明了优异的线性,差异非线性 (DNL) 为0.56 LSB,积分非线性 (INL) 为1.43 LSB.
- 据报道,每通道的功耗约为4.1mW,最大计数速率为22Mcps.
结论:
- 新的TDC设计提供了极高的皮秒级精度和线性.
- 可共享的振荡器和高效的设计使高通道密度和低功耗成为可能.
- 该架构非常适合先进的检测系统 (例如,像素传感器,SPAD,LiDAR,与时间相关的单光子计数) 和高计数率应用.
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