性传播感染:分子方法在存储的性侵犯样本中检测微生物的有用性
Laura Cainé1,2,3, Ana Eira1, Jennifer Fadoni3,4
1National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, I.P., Centre Branch, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
International journal of molecular sciences
|September 13, 2025
概括
实时PCR可以有效地检测性侵幸存者的长期法医样本中的性传播感染,如Chlamydia trachomatis和Trichomonas vaginalis. 这种分子方法有助于幸存者护理和旧病例调查.
科学领域:
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 性侵犯是一个全球性问题,对幸存者造成严重的健康后果.
- 性传播感染 (STIs) 是一个严重的并发症,通常是无症状的.
- 在法医环境中检测性传播感染对于受害者护理和法律诉讼至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估实时聚合酶连锁反应 (PCR) 对于识别特定的性病的有效性.
- 为了确定在法医条件下长期 (长达18年) 存储的生物样本中是否可以检测到性传播感染.
主要方法:
- 实时PCR被用于分析116名性侵犯受害者231个拭子.
- 特定病原体的原料和光探针被用于检测克拉米迪亚,Trichomonas vaginalis,Neisseria gonorrhoeae和Treponema pallidum的病原体.
- 在2004年至2017年期间收集了样本,并在常规的法医条件下存储.
主要成果:
- 在5.6% (13/231) 的样本中检测到了Trichomonas vaginalis.
- 在4.8% (11/231) 的样本中检测到甲状腺炎.
- 在任何样本中都没有检测到Neisseria gonorrhoeae和Treponema pallidum.
结论:
- 实时PCR是一种有价值的工具,用于检测长期保存的法医样本中的性传播感染.
- 分子诊断可以帮助追溯调查性犯罪,包括冷案件.
- 这种方法增强了法医程序,并通过识别过去的感染来支持幸存者护理.
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