在脊椎手术前阿片类药物使用的流行率和预测因素:一个多中心,横截面的观察性研究
Shania Liu1, Jennifer Stevens2,3, Chi Tran1
1Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Pharmacology research & perspectives
|September 13, 2025
概括
澳大利亚一半的脊柱手术患者在手术前使用阿片类药物,没有显著的地理差异. 了解和管理这种手术前阿片类药物使用对于更好的疼痛管理和手术结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在澳大利亚,阿片类药物通常用于脊柱手术前的疼痛管理.
- 人们对手术前使用阿片类药物的有效性和危害存在担忧.
- 在澳大利亚脊柱手术前阿片类药物使用的流行程度尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估接受选择性脊柱手术的患者手术前使用阿片类药物的患病率和预测因素.
- 检查澳大利亚新南威尔士州 (NSW) 大都市,区域和农村环境中阿片类药物使用的地理差异.
主要方法:
- 多中心,横截面的观察性研究.
- 涉及的患者计划在四个新南威尔士州医院进行选择性脊柱手术 (2017年4月至2020年2月).
- 通过入院前问卷 (手术前2-6周) 收集关于人口统计,临床因素和阿片类药物使用的数据.
主要成果:
- 50%的参与者报告了手术前使用阿片类药物 (95% CI 37%-63%).
- 在大都市 (49%),区域大都市 (54%) 和区域 (50%) 设置中,患病率显示出最小的变化.
- 最常见的阿片类药物是氧化 (32%),可代因 (20%) 和塔达尔 (9%).
- 对于位置,性别,社会经济地位,吸烟或残疾没有发现任何显著的预测因素,尽管趋势表明较低社会经济群体的使用率更高.
结论:
- 在新南威尔士州接受选择性脊柱手术的患者中,有一半在手术前使用阿片类药物,在不同地理环境中普遍存在.
- 由于相关风险,需要进一步的研究和干预,以了解和管理手术前阿片类药物使用.
- 解决手术前的阿片类药物使用可能会改善疼痛管理策略和脊柱手术后的患者结果.
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