城市化推动了水生和陆生食物网的脱,简化和同质化
Kilian Perrelet1,2,3, Lauren M Cook1, Merin Reji Chacko3,4
1Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Ecology letters
|September 14, 2025
概括
城市化通过减少捕食者和削弱水上陆地联系来简化食物网. 然而,加强息地和连接的城市规划可以促进生物多样性和食物网的稳定性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 城市生态城市生态学
- 食物网络动力学 食物网络动力学
背景情况:
- 跨越生态系统边界的生物相互作用在自然息地中很常见,形成复杂的食物网.
- 城市化对这些跨生态系统的食物网动态的影响在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究城市化如何影响水上和陆地地带的食物网结构.
- 了解息地数量和景观连接在城市食物网中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用环境DNA (eDNA) 的元编码来评估社区组成.
- 采用元网方法分析54个城市和自然遗址的食物网结构.
- 在瑞士苏黎世的城市化梯度沿线检查的地点.
主要成果:
- 城市化简化了食物网,减少了连接性和同质性.
- 高营养水平的捕食者被低营养水平的基础消费者所取代.
- 水生和陆生食物网之间的联系在城市化过程中被削弱.
- 增加息地数量和景观连接性支持捕食者的多样性和复杂的食物网.
结论:
- 城市化破坏了水陆食物网的结构和稳定性.
- 战略城市息地规划可以减轻负面影响,增强生物多样性.
- 保护工作应考虑景观连接,以支持强大的食物网.
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