工作实践和可呼吸的晶体暴露在石头柜台制造商店的石头柜台制造商
Caitlin M McGowan1, Linda F Cantley2, Robert Klein2
1Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
American journal of industrial medicine
|September 14, 2025
概括
由于暴露于可呼吸晶体二氧化 (RCS),美国石材台面工人患病的风险很高. 消除干燥劳动,改善呼吸器使用和增加医疗监测对于工人的安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 工业卫生 工业卫生
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 越来越多的报道显示,美国石头台面制造和安装工人患有病.
- 需要描述这个行业的工作流程,石材类型和职业暴露.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估工作流程,石材类型,职业健康实践,以及石材桌面行业的可呼吸晶体二氧化 (RCS) 暴露.
- 为了确定与较高的RCS度相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 对257家石头柜台制造商进行调查.
- 分析了来自47%报告商店的292个RCS空气样本.
- 多变量模型检查RCS,石头类型,相似暴露组 (SEG) 和工程控制之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 98%的商店处理天然石和人工石材 (ES).
- 呼吸道保护 (42%的适应性测试) 和医疗监测 (19.5%) 中存在重大差距.
- RCS几何平均值为14.1μg/m3,其中9.2%的样本超过了OSHA PEL,43.5%的商店超过了OSHA AL;干燥工作和小手工工具的暴露率最高.
结论:
- 广泛使用ES带来了显著的RCS过度暴露风险.
- 迫切需要消除干燥加工,加强呼吸道保护,并实施定期的RCS监测.
- 广泛的医疗监测对于评估这种劳动力中的病程度至关重要.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Quarrying of Stone
476
Quarrying is the process of extracting stone from a quarry, where specialized techniques are employed to remove large blocks of stone safely and efficiently. This process can involve controlled explosions or more precision-oriented methods such as cutting and drilling.
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the...
One common method involves using a diamond belt saw to cut large blocks from the quarry face. These blocks can be about 50 feet long and 12 feet high. After the initial vertical cut, drilling is performed at the base of the...
476
Workability of Concrete
357
The workability of concrete is a crucial property that affects its handling, placing, and finishing during construction. It describes the ease with which concrete can be mixed, placed, compacted, and finished. Workability is primarily concerned with the concrete's movement and its ability to resist internal friction and external resistance from molds and reinforcements during the application process.
Concrete's workability is determined by its resistance to internal forces that arise...
Concrete's workability is determined by its resistance to internal forces that arise...
357
Factors Affecting Workability
264
The workability of concrete is a critical characteristic that influences the ease of mixing, handling, and finishing the concrete. It is affected by several factors including water content, aggregate properties, and admixtures like air entrainment. Water plays a fundamental role as it lubricates the concrete mix, facilitating easier movement and placement. However, the water requirement varies depending on the texture and shape of aggregates. Finer particles and angular, rough-textured...
264
Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability
272
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
272


