找到正确的词语:基于技能的课程,使用口头程序来解决临床遭遇中隐含的偏见
Cristina M Gonzalez1, Jessica Dennehy2, Ryan Wilkerson3
1Institute for Excellence in Health Equity, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Patient education and counseling
|September 14, 2025
概括
这项研究表明,基于技能的课程有效地教导医疗保健专业人员制定口头策略,以解决患者接触中的隐含偏见. 这种方法有助于恢复患者的关系,改善沟通.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 隐含的偏见,无论是实际的还是感知的,都会对患者和临床医生的沟通产生重大影响.
- 现有的课程往往缺乏特定技能培训,以解决临床环境中隐含的偏见.
- 制定减轻偏见的策略对于公平的医疗保健服务至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于技能的课程,旨在为临床医生提供管理隐性偏见的工具.
- 评估60分钟的培训课程在教导参与者创建恢复患者关系的口头程序方面的有效性.
- 为了比较不同方法 (观众响应与角色扮演) 在发展这些沟通技能的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个60分钟的基于技能的课程课程交付给了458名学习者 (从医学学生到护理人员),先前暴露在隐性偏见中.
- 学习者利用隐含偏见识别和管理框架来了解偏见的影响和关系恢复.
- 参与者通过观众响应系统或角色扮演开发了个性化的口头程序,提交的程序编码为帮助性.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,91.3%的提交的口头程序被认为是有帮助的,只有8.6%被认为是没有帮助的.
- 通过角色扮演反开发的口头程序包含了与观众响应系统相比更有帮助的元素.
- 该研究表明,在一次培训课程中,可以开发出有效的恢复关系的陈述.
结论:
- 具有基础知识的学习者可以创建有效的文字陈述,以在偏见影响遭遇后恢复患者的关系.
- 基于技能的培训,特别是通过角色扮演,增强了开发有帮助的口头程序来管理隐性偏见.
- 整合这些口头程序的教学可以显著扩大隐性偏见的课程,并改善患者和临床医生的互动.
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