特征选择和特征工程对预测心血管疾病的影响
Divya Yadav1, Deepika Rani1, Om Prakash Verma2
1Department of Mathematics and Computing, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Punjab, India.
Computers in biology and medicine
|September 14, 2025
概括
这项研究通过整合特征选择和工程来提高使用机器学习 (ML) 的心脏病预测. 这种新的方法显著提高了诊断的准确性,使得早期和更有效的疾病检测.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 心脏病是全球主要的死亡原因,需要改进诊断工具.
- 准确的心血管疾病 (CVD) 预测对于降低死亡率和改善患者结果至关重要.
- 机器学习 (ML) 模型对心血管疾病检测有希望,但它们的有效性取决于最佳特征选择和工程.
研究的目的:
- 使用ML分类器开发和评估一种用于增强心脏病预测的新方法.
- 整合先进的特征选择和特征工程技术,以提高ML模型的预测性能.
- 评估特征工程和选择对心脏病诊断的准确性和可靠性的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用随机森林 (RF) 模型从心脏病数据集中选择了四个关键属性.
- 应用特征工程通过算术运算生成36个新特征,增强数据集.
- 训练有素的ML分类器 (RF,决策树 - DT) 具有工程特征,并使用集体学习 (软投票) 来提高准确性.
主要成果:
- 射频模型实现了高性能指标,包括96.56%的精度,97.83%的精度和95.26%的回忆.
- 使用特征工程的DT模型,实现了95.23%的准确性和96.31%的回忆.
- 在结合特征选择和工程时,RF和DT模型都表现出卓越的性能,突出了这些技术的意义.
结论:
- 与现有的特征选择技术相比,拟议的方法大大提高了心脏病预测的准确性.
- 特性工程在提高心血管疾病ML模型的效率和预测能力方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 这种方法使医疗专业人员拥有更有效的工具,可以更早,更准确地诊断疾病.
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