我们是否有任何环境或围产因素,可能会导致儿童气候疾病的发生? 意大利人口前性研究
Cecilia Rosso1, Federica Turati2, Alberto Maria Saibene3
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Santi Paolo e Carlo Hospital, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
概括
环境因素和生命早期的暴露显著影响儿童的呼吸道疾病. 兄弟姐妹,母乳养和幼儿园就读与喘和上呼吸道感染 (URTI) 等疾病有着不同的关联.
科学领域:
- 儿科医学 儿科医学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 儿科呼吸道疾病 (喘,过敏,鼻炎,URTI,AOM) 构成了全球卫生挑战.
- 患病率的增加会影响儿童的福祉,教育,并造成经济成本.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童呼吸道疾病在生命的前三年中的患病率和环境联系.
- 为这些常见的儿童疾病提供早期发现,预防和管理策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 对241名新生儿进行了长度前性研究,其中207名完成了为期三年的随访.
- 通过家长问卷 (社会经济学,怀孕,家长吸烟,母乳养,照顾儿童) 和皮肤刺伤测试以检测过敏敏感性收集的数据.
主要成果:
- 兄弟姐妹,纯母乳养和幼儿园就读与1岁和3岁的疾病风险增加有关.
- 吸烟暴露显示出对早期喘息的保护作用.
- 母乳养有复杂的效果:对URTI有保护作用,但在1年后有潜在的喘风险.
- 幼儿园的入学增加了URTI和AOM风险,但在3年内可以预防吸入物过敏.
结论:
- 儿科呼吸道疾病的发展涉及环境和生命早期因素的复杂相互作用.
- 进一步的研究是必要的,以充分了解这些协会和指导干预措施.
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