候房效应:为什么将患有精神疾病的人从监狱转移需要广泛的结构和系统变化
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco.
Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)
|September 15, 2025
概括
精神卫生法院的目的是将患有精神疾病的个人从刑事司法系统中转移出去. 然而",等待室效应"可以矛盾地增加由于社区资源稀缺而导致的监狱依赖.
科学领域:
- 刑事司法 刑事司法 刑事司法
- 心理健康服务 心理健康服务
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 患有精神疾病的个人在刑事司法系统中占有不成比例的比例.
- 心理健康法庭 (MHC) 已经成为一种流行的转移策略.
- 过度负担的社区资源可能会阻碍转移计划的有效性.
研究的目的:
- 在心理健康法院的背景下引入"等待室效应"概念.
- 分析转移策略如何无意中强化监狱使用.
- 强调需要在心理健康护理和刑事司法方面进行系统性改进.
主要方法:
- 用一个复合案例来说明现象.
- 分析转移策略与社区资源可用性之间的相互作用.
- 检查了导致精神疾病被定罪的结构因素.
主要成果:
- 转移策略,如MHCs,可以导致个人在监狱中等待稀缺的社区心理健康服务 ("等待室效应").
- 这种影响可以无意中延续监狱在管理精神疾病患者中的作用.
- 该研究确定了转移的意图与其实际结果之间的关键差距.
结论:
- 增加对心理健康服务的投资至关重要.
- 上游转移策略 (例如预订) 和有针对性的法院改革是必要的.
- 解决心理疾病犯罪化背后的结构性因素对于有效的改革至关重要.
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