在自闭症谱系障碍中,在青春期前发生的从内在超级到低连接的发展转变
Xiaolong Shan1,2, Ya Li1,2, Jinming Xiao1,2
1The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在发育过程中显示出大脑网络从高到低连接性转变. 主要的大脑网络在患有自闭症的个体中比高级网络更早地发生变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 自闭症研究 自闭症研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的特点是大脑连接的改变.
- 有证据表明,在ASD中,从幼儿时期的超连接性到青春期和成年期的低连接性发生了发展转变.
- 大规模大脑网络中这种连接性转变的确切时间尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 系统地绘制自闭症谱系障碍中内在功能连接的发展轨迹.
- 确定在ASD的大型大脑网络中从高到低连接性发生转变的特定年龄.
- 为了研究这种转移在各种大脑网络中的不同时间.
主要方法:
- 利用自闭症脑成像数据交换活动的800名参与者的数据.
- 应用独立组件分析来识别六个大规模的大脑功能网络 (DMN,FPN,SAN,AN,SMN,VN).
- 采用本地估计的分散图平滑和一种新的"滑动值"方法来分析发育变化并精确确定连接转移时间.
主要成果:
- 确定了六个关键的大规模大脑网络:默认模式网络 (DMN),前端对称网络 (FPN), Salience网络 (SAN),听觉网络 (AN),体运动网络 (SMN) 和视觉网络 (VN).
- 发现ASD中的初级网络 (AN,SMN,VN) 比高级网络 (DMN,FPN,SAN) 更早地表现出超级到低级连接转移.
- 确定在青春期前,转变会在各个网络中顺序发生:SMN,AN,VN,DMN,SAN和FPN.
结论:
- 这项研究阐明了与ASD不同大脑网络的内在功能连接的与年龄相关的变化.
- 研究结果强调,主要的感觉和运动网络比更高阶的认知网络更早地过渡.
- 强调在理解自闭症谱系障碍中的功能连接性改变时,需要采取发展视角.
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