在ASD中,行为指标和大脑微观结构之间的广泛关联表明年龄介导ASD的亚型
Haylee J Ressa1, Benjamin T Newman1,2, Zachary Jacokes3
1Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Gilmer Hall, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)
|September 15, 2025
概括
这项研究将自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的大脑差异与行为联系起来,根据神经成像发现了亚型. 这些亚型表现出不同的行为模式和发展轨迹.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,其特征是社会沟通差异和重复行为.
- 以前的研究表明,青少年ASD大脑中的g比和轴突导电速度降低.
- 这些微观结构变化可能是ASD认知和行为变化的基础.
研究的目的:
- 为了将行为和认知指标与ASD中神经成像标记者相关联.
- 通过神经成像驱动的方法来调查潜在的ASD亚型.
- 探索与年龄相关的大脑成熟如何影响ASD行为.
主要方法:
- 分析了273名参与者 (148名患有自闭症),年龄在8至17岁之间,使用自闭症卓越中心网络的数据.
- 行为/认知评估与神经成像微观结构指标 (g比,传导速度) 之间的关联研究.
- 机器学习集群分析应用于神经成像数据以识别ASD亚型.
主要成果:
- 在ASD的行为,认知和神经成像测量之间发现了广泛的关联.
- 特定的行为子类别,而不是复合分数,与神经成像指标的相关性更强.
- 机器学习确定了独特的ASD子组,其特点是限制性/重复性行为或高感官敏感性/语言表现.
结论:
- 神经成像标记与ASD的行为和认知概况密切相关.
- 根据神经成像数据,ASD可以被亚型化,揭示出不同的行为轨迹.
- 与年龄相关的大脑成熟似乎是塑造ASD行为和潜在亚型的关键因素.
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