认知参与的体育活动对年轻的学龄儿童的执行功能和自我控制的时间效应:随机对照试验
Yifan Xu1, Kai Qi1, Marcin Białas1
1Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Frontiers in psychology
|September 15, 2025
概括
认知参与性体力活动 (CEPA) 显著改善了8-10岁儿童的执行功能 (EF) 和自我控制. 这些好处,包括增强工作记忆和抑制控制,表现出超过干预期的持久影响.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 和自我控制对于孩子的学业成功和社会情感发展至关重要.
- 传统的体育教育可能无法完全优化这些认知和行为技能.
- 认知参与体力活动 (CEPA) 提供了一种新的方法来增强这些领域.
研究的目的:
- 调查CEPA对年轻学龄儿童 (8-10岁) 执行功能 (EF) 和自我控制的时间效应.
- 探索CEPA对特定EF组件和自我控制维度的差异性影响和时间动态.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机对照试验,涉及203名儿童 (年龄为8-10岁).
- 参与者被分配到CEPA组或对照组 (传统体育).
- 干预持续了10周,在基线,干预后和3个月后跟踪使用线性混合效应模型进行评估.
主要成果:
- 对于抑制性控制,工作记忆和总自我控制得分的显著时间对组相互作用.
- CEPA组在EF (工作记忆,抑制控制) 和自我控制 (社交互动,学习行为) 中显著改善.
- 效应非线性,干预期间迅速增长,随访时略有减弱,但仍然明显高于基线.
结论:
- CEPA有效地增强了年幼的学龄儿童的执行功能和自我控制.
- 该研究强调了CEPA的差异效应和非线性时间特征.
- 将认知参与纳入体育教育课程,有助于全面的儿童发展.
相关概念视频
01:30Information Processing Approach
522
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
522
01:25Self-Regulation
224
Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
224