在COVID-19期间儿童免疫接种:克拉拉邦Pathanamthitta地区的混合方法案例研究
1Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
概括
由于COVID-19大流行扰乱了儿童免疫服务,由于家长的焦虑和卫生系统问题,导致疫苗接种的大幅延迟. 改善计划对于未来的健康紧急情况至关重要,以确保持续的免疫覆盖.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 儿童免疫对于预防传染病至关重要.
- 包括流行病在内的公共卫生紧急情况会破坏常规免疫服务.
- 冠状病毒疾病-2019 (COVID-19) 流行病影响了全球的医疗保健服务.
研究的目的:
- 评估COVID-19大流行对喀拉拉邦Pathanamthitta地区常规免疫接种的影响.
- 了解疫情期间对免疫接种的规划,服务提供和利益相关者的观点.
- 确定影响免疫覆盖率和结果的因素.
主要方法:
- 混合方法研究与并发嵌套设计.
- 对292名两岁儿童 (2020-2021) 免疫模式的定量分析.
- 对利益相关者的观点进行定性主题分析,与定量数据进行三角化.
主要成果:
- 疫苗接种覆盖率在2020年3月下降,随后有追赶努力.
- 疫苗接种延迟的中位数在州封锁期间为42天,在全国封锁期间为25天.
- 父母的焦虑,基础设施和可访问性影响了疫苗接种.
结论:
- 不灵活的指导方针和基础设施问题导致疫苗接种延迟.
- 父母的看法和医疗中心的可访问性是关键因素.
- 解决规划和实施差距对于未来的应急准备来维持免疫服务至关重要.
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