成年甲虫和刺客虫的仿真与不平等的防御:敌对或相互?
Shinji Sugiura1, Masakazu Hayashi2
1Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
PeerJ
|September 15, 2025
概括
在昆虫中研究了准贝蒂斯模仿. 游牧甲虫Paederus fuscipes从模仿更好地防御的刺客虫Sirthenea flavipes中获益,这表明模仿者具有保护性的优势.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 防御模仿包括贝蒂斯,米勒和准贝蒂斯类型,后者涉及不平等防御的物种.
- 准贝蒂斯模仿相互作用被认为是对抗性的或相互的,很少被实验研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查虫Paederus fuscipes和刺客虫Sirthenea flavipes之间的准贝蒂斯模仿.
- 确定捕食者 (池青Pelophylax nigromaculatus) 对这些昆虫的反应,并评估模仿相互作用的性质.
主要方法:
- 使用池青 (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) 作为捕食者进行行为分析.
- 青接触到成年Paederus fuscipes和Sirthenea flavipes的,有或没有先前接触过两种物种.
主要成果:
- 池青拒绝了45.8%的Paederus fuscipes成年人和70.8%的Sirthenea flavipes,这表明S. flavipes的防御能力更好.
- 之前暴露于S. flavipes增加了青对P. fuscipes的排斥,而之前暴露于P. fuscipes略有减少了S. flavipes的排斥.
结论:
- 成年Paederus fuscipes很可能通过模仿Sirthenea flavipes nymphs获得保护.
- Sirthenea flavipes nymphs可能会经历这种模仿的轻微代价,这表明一种复杂的相互作用.
- 这项研究为准贝蒂斯模仿系统提供了实验证据,对模仿者有潜在的好处.
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