新生儿甲型流感病毒感染的流行病学和临床特征:一项回顾性研究
Yiyue Wang1, Tingting Yu2, Qin Li2
1School of Rehabilitation Science, Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing, China.
Translational pediatrics
|September 15, 2025
概括
偏流感病毒 (PIV) 导致新生儿下呼吸道感染,往往导致严重症状. 低出生体重和潜在疾病增加了婴儿严重PIV疾病的风险.
科学领域:
- 新生儿感染 新生儿感染
- 儿童呼吸道疾病 儿童呼吸道疾病
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 偏流感病毒 (PIV) 是儿童下呼吸道感染 (LRIs) 的重要原因,仅次于呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV).
- 了解PIV流行病学和新生儿临床影响对于有效管理至关重要.
- 这项研究重点关注患有LRIs的住院新生儿.
研究的目的:
- 研究住院新生儿PIV感染的流行病学模式.
- 描述临床表现并确定与PIV感染相关的风险因素.
- 在这个脆弱人群中为PIV提供临床诊断,治疗和预防策略的信息.
主要方法:
- 从2016年到2023年对患有LRI的住院新生儿进行了回顾性研究.
- 鼻吸附物 (NPA) 用直接免疫光学分析PIV和其他常见的呼吸道病毒.
- 对流行病学数据,临床症状,实验室结果和风险因素的分析.
主要成果:
- 在住院新生儿中,PIV感染率为2.39%,在4周大的婴儿中发生率最高.
- 从11月到1月,PIV感染出现季节性高峰,并且经常以共感染的形式发生,尤其是RSV.
- 与RSV病例相比,PIV感染的新生儿表现出更严重的症状,包括发烧,牛奶排斥,炎症标志物升高和胸部X射线异常.
- 低出生体重和先天性心脏病等并发症被确定为PIV严重结局需要NICU入院的显著风险因素.
结论:
- PIV是一种关键的病原体,对住院新生儿的LRIs负责,通常与严重的临床结果有关.
- 患有PIV感染的新生儿容易出现更严重的疾病表现.
- 低出生体重和先前存在的疾病是新生儿严重PIV感染的关键风险因素.
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