感官过度反应的可复制,跨诊断行为和神经相关的感官过度反应
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 15, 2025
概括
感官过度反应 (SOR) 与自闭症特征和焦虑有关,而不是其他疾病. 这种情况显示出独特的大脑连接模式,表明它.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿童精神病学 儿童精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 感官过度反应 (SOR) 是儿童常见的疾病,影响15-20%,经常与自闭症谱系障碍和其他精神疾病同时发生.
- 尽管SOR的患病率很高,但其临床特异性和潜在的神经生物学仍然不太清楚,这阻碍了针对性的干预.
- 现有的研究往往侧重于特定诊断群体内的SOR,限制了对其更广泛的临床意义的理解.
研究的目的:
- 确定SOR在不同儿童群体中的特定临床意义.
- 调查SOR是否与大脑中功能连接 (FC) 的不同模式有关.
- 探索SOR的跨诊断性质及其神经生物学基础.
主要方法:
- 对大型数据集 (n=15,728) 的分析,包括社区和自闭症丰富的6至17.9岁儿童样本.
- 两变量和多变量统计模型检查SOR与各种精神症状 (焦虑,多动症,抑郁症,行为障碍,反对性挑性障碍) 和自闭症特征之间的关联.
- 来自青少年大脑认知发展 (ABCD) 研究的休息状态功能性MRI (fMRI) 数据,以分析SOR的大脑和电路特定的FC相关系,并以子样本进行复制.
主要成果:
- SOR表现出一致的跨诊断概况,显著与更高的自闭症特征和焦虑症状相关.
- 在社区样本中,SOR与较低行为障碍症状有关,这表明在某些情况下具有保护作用.
- SOR与特定的静止状态功能连接 (FC) 模式有关,特别是 cingulo-parietal 网络和双边尾状核之间的差异,这些差异在独立的子样本中复制.
结论:
- 感官过度反应 (SOR) 可能代表一种具有特定临床影响的跨诊断潜伏特征,包括不同疾病的风险和保护.
- SOR的可复制的神经相关物涉及不同的皮层-亚皮层电路,进步对其神经生物学的理解.
- 这些发现有可能为临床实践提供信息,并指导未来的研究,以支持有感官挑战的儿童.
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