人们认为他们比其他人更难预测吗? 普罗宁和库格勒 (2010) 的实验1的三次复制
Subramanya Prasad Chandrashekar1, Stephanie Permut2, Hallgeir Sjåstad3
1Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO.
International review of social psychology
|September 15, 2025
概括
人们认为他们自己的自由意志比别人更强大,认为他们的行为不太可预测. 复制证实了这种自我-其他在可预测性上的不对称性,特别是在单个评估中.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 普罗宁和库格勒 (2010) 在自由意志感知中提出了自我-其他不对称性.
- 这种不对称性表明个人认为他们拥有比其他人更多的自由意志.
- 之前的研究表明,人们认为自己的决定比别人更难预测.
研究的目的:
- 为了复制普罗宁和库格勒 (2010) 关于自由意志感知的发现.
- 调查主体间与主体内设计对这一现象的影响.
- 检查跨文化差异在自由意志的归因.
主要方法:
- 用不同的样本进行了三次预先注册的复制 (香港本科生,美国MTurk,美国Prolific).
- 研究1a和1b采用了一种复杂的设计,反映了原始研究 (自我-其他之间,过去-未来内).
- 第二项研究对比了单个数据收集中的受试者和受试者内部设计.
主要成果:
- 复制 (1a和1b研究) 支持了最初的发现,尽管效应大小较小.
- 在感知可预测性的自我-其他不对称性被复制使用主体之间的设计 (研究2).
- 在研究2中使用受试者内部设计时没有发现显著的影响,这表明参与者对不对称性进行了纠正.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了关于自我-其他不对称的证据,支持对自己有更大的自由意志的概念.
- 这些发现强调了研究设计的关键作用,区分单一和联合评估模式.
- 结果表明,当人们同时评估自己和他人时,人们会调整他们对可预测性的看法,从而减轻自我-他人不对称.
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