针对儿科下呼吸道感染的下一代定向测序:一项回顾性研究
Linlin Li1, Jing Guo1, Jielin Chen2
1Medical Science Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
|September 15, 2025
概括
针对性下一代测序 (tNGS) 在儿童下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 中识别病原体方面显示出高准确性. 与传统技术相比,这种先进的分子方法改善了病原体检测.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断学
- 下一代测序应用程序的应用.
背景情况:
- 下呼吸道感染 (LRTI) 在儿童中很普遍,需要精确的病原体鉴定才能有效治疗.
- 传统的诊断方法,如微生物培养和聚合酶链反应 (PCR),在检测各种病原体方面存在局限性,特别是在复杂的情况下.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估针对性下一代测序 (tNGS) 的临床实用性和诊断准确性,用于识别儿科LRTIs中的病原体.
- 为了比较tNGS与定量PCR (qPCR) 和小儿科队列中的微生物培养的性能.
主要方法:
- 对107名儿科患者的回顾性分析,这些患者在2024年1月至12月期间被诊断患有LRTI.
- 评估tNGS,qPCR和微生物培养结果与临床诊断之间的一致性.
- 使用SPSS进行统计分析,显著性设置为P < 0.05.
主要成果:
- tNGS与临床诊断的一致性超过66%,明显优于qPCR和培养 (P < 0.001).
- 在tNGS和qPCR (80%) 和tNGS和培养 (90%用于比较检测) 之间观察到高度一致.
- 与"人类犀利病毒" (AUC=0.759) 相比,tNGS对* Mycoplasma pneumoniae* (AUC=0.917) 的区分能力更强.
结论:
- 针对性下一代测序与儿科LRTIs的临床诊断具有很高的一致性,证明了其临床适用性.
- tNGS对于诊断严重,混合或耐药的儿科呼吸道感染特别有价值,可以改善病原体检测.
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