低内在能力与体力活跃的中年和老年人体力活跃的运动诱导的认知增强有关
Brandon A Yates1,2, Ariela R Orkaby3,4, Jakob L Vingren5,6
1Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School Cambridge Massachusetts USA.
Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)
|September 15, 2025
概括
内在能力 (IC) 影响运动带来的认知收益. 超重/肥胖的老年人发动机功能不佳会阻碍运动诱导的认知效益,突出IC.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 世界卫生组织促进内在能力 (IC) 监测老年人的认知健康.
- 低IC与痴呆症风险增加有关.
- 定期炼可以改善认知功能,并可能增强IC,但IC对急性炼诱导的认知收益的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究内在能力 (IC) 如何影响身体活跃,超重/肥胖成年人的单次炼后的认知增强.
- 为了确定运动器官功能,IC的一个组成部分,是否影响耐力训练后的认知收益.
主要方法:
- 评估了40名身体活跃的成年人 (55±6岁,BMI≥24.9kg/m2).
- 内在能力 (IC) 领域包括认知功能,活力和运动功能 (步行速度).
- 参与者被分为LOW-IC (缓慢步行速度) 和NORM-IC (正常步行速度) 两组. 执行功能 (TMT A+B) 被测量在161公里骑自行车赛事之前和之后.
主要成果:
- 这些组具有相似的认知能力和活力,但在运动器官功能上有显著差异.
- 与LOW-IC组相比,NORM-IC组在运动后表现出执行功能 (TMT A+B) 的显著改善.
- 具体来说,NORM-IC参与者改善了-13秒,而LOW-IC参与者显示了-3秒的非显著改善.
结论:
- 低内在能力 (IC),特别是运动器官功能受损,与在中晚成年期耐力训练后急性认知增强的减少有关.
- 这些发现表明,身体限制可能会阻碍该人群中运动的直接认知益处.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索这种昏暗的认知反应的潜在生理机制.
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