在幼儿中进行战略作弊.
Li Zhao1,2, Xinchen Yang2, Yi Zheng2
1Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for Research in Early Development and Childcare, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
Developmental science
|September 15, 2025
概括
小孩子 幼儿 幼儿 幼儿
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 道德发展道德发展
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 欺骗行为在童年早期就会出现.
- 了解早期欺骗的驱动因素对于道德发展研究至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查5至6岁儿童的作弊是否是战略决策或冲动的产物.
- 检查成年人的存在和可观察性如何影响孩子的作弊行为.
主要方法:
- 进行了四项预先注册的研究,涉及5-6岁儿童.
- 使用了一种具有挑战性的数学测试范式,操纵成人视觉和听觉.
- 儿童作弊率记录在不同条件的成人存在和可观察性.
主要成果:
- 当成年人可见时,与当他们只能听到或缺席时相比,作弊率显著降低.
- 儿童的作弊行为主要受到成人直接观察的潜在影响,而不仅仅是存在.
- 孩子们根据他们的行动的可检测性战略性地调整了他们的作弊.
结论:
- 学龄前儿童 (5-6岁) 的欺骗不仅仅是由冲动驱动的.
- 这个年龄段的孩子表现出复杂的欺骗性决策能力.
- 社会背景和被发现的可能性极大地影响了孩子的作弊行为.
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