相关实验视频
Updated: Aug 4, 2026
03:57
Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
Published on: December 15, 2008
25.0K
在卢布尔雅纳WWTP的SRT控制的设计和实施
Darko Vrečko1, Nadja Hvala2, Rok Babič3
1Department of Systems and Control, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
概括
为废水处理厂 (WWTP) 设计和实施了一项新的固体保留时间 (SRT) 控制策略. 这种方法有效地保持SRT设定点,减少变化并改善废水质量,即使有影响波动.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 水处理技术水处理技术
- 废水管理 废水管理
背景情况:
- 固体保留时间 (SRT) 对于废水处理厂 (WWTP) 运行至关重要,直接影响食品与微生物 (F/M) 的比率.
- 保持稳定的SRT对于实现最佳的处理效率和废水质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在卢布尔雅纳WWTP设计和实施一种新的SRT控制战略.
- 评估新控制方法在维持SRT设定点和提高运行稳定性方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 开发的SRT控制策略包括从有氧反应堆中浪费特定比例的混合液体悬浮固体 (MLSS).
- 污泥浪费是根据MLSS度,废污泥度和废污泥流量率的实时测量计算的.
- 集成了一个限制控制器,以保持MLSS在预定义的最小和最大限度内.
主要成果:
- 数学建模和工厂测试表明,与传统的比例积分 (PI) SRT控制相比,设置点跟踪优越.
- 新的控制策略显著减少了SRT变化,降低了氨的度.
- 尽管存在大量的影响变化和操作干扰,但有效的性能得到了证实.
结论:
- 实现的SRT控制为WWTP提供了简单而有效的解决方案,消除了对复杂的SRT估计或反控制器的需求.
- 这种方法提高了运营稳定性,改善了废水质量,并在现实条件下证明了稳定性.
- 这些发现支持采用这种直接污泥浪费策略,以提高WWTP的性能.
相关概念视频
01:27Design Example: Design of an Irrigation Channel
Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
01:30Microbial Wastewater Treatment
Microbial communities in aquatic ecosystems play a key role in the natural breakdown of contaminants introduced through domestic and industrial effluents. Acting as biological catalysts, these microbes change and mineralize a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants under different redox conditions.In oxygen-rich surface waters, aerobic heterotrophs lead organic matter breakdown, using oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor to efficiently oxidize substrates to carbon dioxide and water.
01:29Bioreactor Design and Operational System
Bioreactors are engineered vessels designed to cultivate microorganisms under controlled conditions for industrial bioprocessing. They maintain sterility and allow precise regulation of pH, temperature, oxygen, and nutrient levels to optimize microbial growth and metabolite production. Bioreactors range from small laboratory units of 1 liter to industrial systems holding up to 500,000 liters, though only about 75% of their volume is actively used for fermentation. The remaining headspace...
01:28Bioreactor Controls-I
Maintaining optimal conditions within fermenters is essential for maximizing microbial productivity and ensuring process efficiency. This lesson focuses on key parameters—temperature, foam, pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and pressure—and their precise measurement and control strategies in fermentation systems.Temperature ControlTemperature regulation is critical due to the exothermic nature of many fermentation processes. In small laboratory fermenters, temperature is commonly monitored using...
01:22Bioreactor Controls-III
Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
01:30Biological Treatment of Effluent and Waste Water
Biological wastewater treatment relies on the metabolic activity of microorganisms to remove pollutants from sewage. In modern treatment systems, this process is organized into sequential stages that progressively reduce solid material, dissolved organic matter, and microbial contamination. Each stage plays a distinct role in improving water quality and preparing the effluent for safe discharge or reuse.Primary and Secondary TreatmentPrimary treatment is a physical process that removes large...