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在没有智力障碍的自闭症谱系障碍女孩中,社交沟通,重复性行为和兴趣以及适应性行为
Jenny M Burton1,2,3, Nancy A Creaghead4, Amie Duncan5
1Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, 3225 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. jenny.burton@wku.edu.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|September 15, 2025
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的女孩在社交沟通方面表现出相对强项,但与其他适应性行为相比,社交技能较弱. 重复行为中的差异可能是父母报告而不是观察到的.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在社会沟通和行为方面提出了独特的挑战.
- 了解自闭症表现的性别差异对于准确的诊断和干预至关重要.
- 与男孩相比,患有自闭症的女孩往往表现出不同的社会和行为模式.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ASD女孩的社会沟通,重复行为和适应性功能与典型发育 (TD) 女孩.
- 通过使用标准化措施,调查社会互动,沟通和重复行为中的特定差异.
- 确定ASD女孩适应性行为的相对优势和弱点的潜在领域.
主要方法:
- 一组37名女孩 (18名ASD,19名TD),年龄在7-15岁之间,年龄和智商相匹配.
- 使用社会沟通问卷 (SCQ),自闭症诊断观察时间表 (ADOS-2) 和维尼兰适应性行为尺度 (VABS-2).
- 分析了对社会互动,沟通和重复行为的项目级分数,以及整体适应性行为分数.
主要成果:
- 在许多SCQ和ADOS-2项目中,在ASD和TD女孩之间发现了显著的差异,特别是在统计调整后.
- 在ASD组中,在重复行为和沟通得分之间观察到负相关性.
- 患有自闭症的女孩在VABS-2上表现出边缘到中度低的分数,表明适应性功能存在挑战.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的女孩在通过诊断工具评估的社交沟通方面可能表现出相对强项.
- 父母报告的行为可能会捕捉到在结构化观察中不明显的重复行为中的差异.
- 社交技能似乎是ASD女孩的相对弱点,这表明有针对性的干预措施是优先考虑的.
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