在中国以外的Penaeus vannamei中引起半透明后幼虫疾病的Vibrio parahaemolyticus菌株的隔离,表征和致病性
Nguyen Dinh-Hung1, Hung N Mai1, Maiya Matthews1
1Aquaculture Pathology Laboratory, School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America.
PloS one
|September 15, 2025
概括
半透明后病 (TPD) 正在全球蔓延,在中国以外的中得到证实. 这项研究详细介绍了导致TPD的Vibrio parahaemolyticus菌株,其高毒性和独特的病理学.
科学领域:
- 水生动物的健康状况.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 养殖水产养殖病理学
背景情况:
- 半透明后病 (TPD) 在养殖中造成了重大经济损失.
- 细菌Vibrio parahaemolyticus是TPD的确定的病原体.
- 据报道,TPD主要发生在中国,对其全球传播的信息有限.
研究的目的:
- 报告中国境外首次证实存在导致TPD的Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
- 从患病的Penaeus vannamei.中分离出来的VpTPD AG1菌株的特征.
- 调查VpTPD.的致病性和本病学特征.
主要方法:
- 生物化学,分子 (PCR用于vhvp-1,vhvp-2,pirA/pirB) 和VpTPD AG1.1的病原分析.
- 实验性沉浸挑战,以确定毒性 (LC50) 和剂量依赖的效应.
- 感染的组织 (肝,肠道) 的组织病理学检查.
- 隔离菌株的抗生素敏感性测试.
主要成果:
- 证实VpTPD AG1菌株具有TPD毒性基因 (vhvp-1,vhvp-2) 并缺乏AHPND基因 (pirA/pirB).
- 在PL15中显示出高毒性,LC50为8.51 × 10^2 CFU/mL;较大的PL30的敏感性降低.
- 组织病理学揭示了肝胰腺缩和肠道特征性血细胞性肠炎.
- VpTPD AG1对β-乳酸盐有耐药性,但对其他抗生素有敏感性.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了TPD在中国以外的地理扩张.
- VpTPD AG1表现出明显的病理特征,使其与AHPND有所区别.
- 加强监测和生物安全措施对于控制TPD的全球传播至关重要.
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