Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Modeling with Differential Equations01:25

Modeling with Differential Equations

20
Population dynamics can be described mathematically by considering the population size P(t) as a function of time. The rate of change of the population is then represented by the derivative of P(t). A simple assumption is that the rate of growth is proportional to the size of the population itself. This leads to an exponential growth model, where the population increases rapidly without bound. While this is a useful first approximation, it does not reflect realistic long-term...
20
Second Order systems II01:18

Second Order systems II

389
In an underdamped second-order system, where the damping ratio ζ is between 0 and 1, a unit-step input results in a transfer function that, when transformed using the inverse Laplace method, reveals the output response. The output exhibits a damped sinusoidal oscillation, and the difference between the input and output is termed the error signal. This error signal also demonstrates damped oscillatory behavior. Eventually, as the system reaches a steady state, the error diminishes to zero.
389
Population Growth00:57

Population Growth

27.8K
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.
27.8K
First Order Systems01:21

First Order Systems

399
First-order systems, such as RC circuits, are foundational in understanding dynamic systems due to their straightforward input-output relationship. Analyzing their responses to different input functions under zero initial conditions reveals significant insights into system behavior.
When a first-order system is subjected to a unit-step input, its response is characterized by its transfer function. By applying the Laplace transform of the unit-step input to the transfer function, expanding the...
399
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

3.2K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
3.2K
Multi-Step Reactions02:31

Multi-Step Reactions

8.6K
Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs. Each of the steps in a reaction mechanism is called an elementary reaction. These...
8.6K

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Soft matter physics of the ground beneath our feet.

Soft matter·2024
Same author

Wavier jet streams driven by zonally asymmetric surface thermal forcing.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2022
Same author

Coupling functions in climate.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2019
Same author

Hydrodynamic interactions and the diffusivity of spheroidal particles.

The Journal of chemical physics·2019
Same author

Fluctuations in Arctic sea-ice extent: comparing observations and climate models.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2018
Same author

Confinement effects in premelting dynamics.

Physical review. E·2018

相关实验视频

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
06:44

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

502

在非马科夫反过程中加速的第一通道动力学,奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克过程.

Francesco Coghi1,2, Romain Duvezin2,3, John S Wettlaufer2,4

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD United Kingdom.

Journal of statistical physics
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
概括

这项研究探讨了具有时间平均反的非马科维斯随机过程,揭示了记忆如何通过降低能量障碍来加速粒子动态. 这为复杂系统中控制罕见事件统计提供了一个新的机制.

更多相关视频

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.0K
Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device
08:28

Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device

Published on: July 18, 2025

518

相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis
06:44

Age-dependent Dynamics of Locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans: A Lyapunov Exponent Analysis

Published on: September 23, 2025

502
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.0K
Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device
08:28

Creating Rapid Oxygen Oscillations in Microbial Single-cell Growth Analysis using a Microfluidic Double-layer Device

Published on: July 18, 2025

518

科学领域:

  • 统计物理 统计物理
  • 非马科夫的动力学
  • 随机过程 随机过程

背景情况:

  • 第一次通道的时间动态在各种科学领域都至关重要.
  • 非马科夫过程引入记忆效应,使传统分析复杂化.
  • 时间平均反机制在复杂系统中越来越重要.

研究的目的:

  • 调查时间平均反对非马科夫随机过程的影响.
  • 将这个系统建模为一维的奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克过程,其轨迹依赖于漂移.
  • 分析由此产生的自我相互作用扩散及其第一通道特性.

主要方法:

  • 弱噪声大偏差理论的应用.
  • 计算非对称分布和最可能的路径.
  • 推导反修改的克拉默斯速率和分析平均首次通道时间.

主要成果:

  • 反机制通过存储波动并降低有效的能量屏障来加速动态.
  • 由于反,最佳的第一通道时间从无限转移到有限.
  • 其他轨迹机制,如弹和弹道轨道被发现是次优的.

结论:

  • 记忆反在随机过程中显著重塑罕见事件统计.
  • 这项研究提供了一种潜在控制第一通道动态的机制.
  • 这些发现为自我相互作用的扩散及其行为提供了洞察力.