使用机器学习技术对蛋白质构成的采样和排名并不能提高刚性蛋白质-蛋白质对接的质量
Roman Stratiichuk1,2, Roman Kyrylenko1, Ihor Koleiev1,3
1Receptor.AI Inc., 20-22 Wenlock Road, London N1 7GU, U.K.
Journal of chemical information and modeling
|September 16, 2025
概括
机器学习 (ML) 对于刚性蛋白质-蛋白质对接的 conformational 采样很少改善预测. 目前的ML方法和评分函数难以识别更好的蛋白质结构,突出现有工作流程的局限性.
科学领域:
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
- 结构生物信息学 结构生物信息学
- 机器学习在生物化学中的应用
背景情况:
- 刚性对接是预测蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的主要方法,当实验结构不可用时.
- 无结合 (Apo) 形式的蛋白质结构可能与它们的结合 (Holo) 状态有很大差异,这会影响对接的准确性.
- 机器学习 (ML) 形态采样旨在生成更接近全息形式的功能相关蛋白质结构.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于ML的构造性采样在改善刚性蛋白质-蛋白质对接方面的有效性.
- 评估各种评分功能的性能,以优先考虑ML生成的形状.
- 为了确定当前ML增强的刚性对接工作流程的局限性.
主要方法:
- 在PINDER数据集中的30个复合体中采用两种ML技术对蛋白质子单元进行符合性采样.
- 通过基于物理,基于数据和基于机器学习的评分函数评估对接性能.
- 将ML生成的形状与实验中未结合 (Apo) 和结合 (Holo) 的结构进行比较.
主要成果:
- 基于ML的构造性采样很少产生比Apo结构更接近Holo构造的结构.
- 现有的评分功能未能正确对生成的形状进行优先级或排名.
- 该研究发现了当前ML增强硬蛋白-蛋白对接的关键局限性.
结论:
- 用ML增强的刚性对接工作流程面临着重大挑战.
- 需要进一步的研究来开发一种新的方法,用于蛋白质-蛋白质对接中的构造生成和得分.
- 目前的ML技术并不总是改进使用Apo结构的传统刚性对接方法.
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