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稀土从富煤飞灰中恢复:二级阶段形成和缓解方法

Sheila Gerardo¹, Wen Song^1,2

¹Center for Subsurface Energy and the Environment, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.

Environmental science & technology

|September 16, 2025

概括

从煤灰中提取稀土元素 (REEs) 是具有挑战性的,因为沉物形成. 一种酸方法有效地从煤灰中回收可再生能源,而不会产生有问题的降水.

科学领域:

环境科学环境科学
材料科学材料科学材料科学
化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.

背景情况:

煤灰含有有价值的稀土元素 (REEs),为废物利用和环境修复提供了潜力.
基本的灰成分促进了可再生能源的提取,但容易形成沉物,阻碍了工业应用.
了解酸性漏过程中沉物的行为对于优化REE回收过程至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了描述煤灰在轻度酸性浸过程中的二级阶段降水.
制定规避沉形成的策略,同时保持高的可再生能源回收率.
评估可替代的开采方法,以有效地从煤灰中回收可再生能源.

主要方法:

在浸出过程中在不同酸度 (pH < 0 和 pH ~ 3.5) 下形成的沉物的表征.
评估一种酸 (干消化) 方法作为湿的替代方案.
分析可再生能源的可提取性和其他元素的共同提取.

主要成果:

非常酸性浸出 (pH < 0) 产生了~90%的REEs回收,但形成了有问题的凝.
轻微的酸性液 (pH ~ 3.5) 导致酸片和有限的REEs回收 (30-55%).
酸实现了约74%的REEs提取能力,有效地绕过了沉物问题,并将共同提取降到最低.

结论:

二次沉物形成显著影响REEs回收效率和工艺可扩展性.
酸性烤为从煤灰中提取可再生能源的湿酸出提供了一个可行的替代方案,减轻了与沉有关的挑战.
这项研究为控制酸泄漏和开发废物材料中可再生能源回收的替代方法提供了关键的见解.

关键词:

在 REE 中, REE 是 REE.酸性烤烤在酸性烤干燥消化干燥消化凝凝的凝凝的凝降水降水降水降水降水稀土元素稀土元素稀土元素

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