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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

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Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
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形式遵循功能 - - DCL1和primi-miRNAs之间的结构相互作用.

Cecile R Scholl1, Lars Grosch2, Jana Baradei3

  • 1Institute of Biology, Department of Genetics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany.

Trends in plant science
|September 16, 2025
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

植物微RNAs (miRNAs) 是通过初级转录中的特定结构特征来调节的. 了解这些特征和DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1) 复杂相互作用,可以揭示植物特有的加工机制.

关键词:
像子一样的1 (DCL1)RNA二次结构 (RSS) 是指RNA的二次结构.低温电磁波冷却器 (Cryo-EM) 是一个非常好的方法.这就是miRNA生物生成的原因.这就是primiRNA.

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科学领域:

  • 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
  • 基因调节 基因调节
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 微RNAs (miRNAs) 是植物基因表达的关键调节者,影响发育和环境反应.
  • 微RNA生物发生涉及一个复杂的蛋白质,包括DICER-LIKE 1 (DCL1),HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 (HYL1) 和SERRATE (SE),与初级miRNA转录 (pri-miRNAs) 相互作用.
  • -miRNAs的结构特征对于它们在miRNA机器的识别和处理至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 审查了解植物中primiRNA处理的结构决定因素的最新进展.
  • 阐明miRNA处理复合体 (DCL1,HYL1,SE) 内和与primiRNAs之间的分子相互作用.
  • 突出植物特有的miRNA处理特征与动物系统不同.

主要方法:

  • 在DCL1,HYL1和SE蛋白质的体外结构分析.
  • 在miRNA处理复合体内检查蛋白质-蛋白质和蛋白质-RNA相互作用.
  • 关于primiRNA结构特征和处理的当前文献的综述.

主要成果:

  • 高分辨率的结构数据揭示了DCL1,HYL1,SE和primiRNAs之间的复杂相互作用.
  • 植物miRNA处理涉及到动物中没有发现的独特结构决定因素.
  • 结构洞察力为理解路径监管提供了基础.

结论:

  • 对miRNA处理复合体和primiRNA的结构研究为植物特异性机制提供了前所未有的解决方案.
  • 这种知识为操纵植物中的miRNA路径开辟了新的可能性.
  • 了解这些结构特征可以通过基因组编辑为未来的作物改良应用提供信息.