痴呆症患者安乐死的可接受性:来自六个国家的临床医生的观点
Jingyuan Xu1, Hanneke J A Smaling2, Miharu Nakanishi3
1Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center (XJ, HJAS, MN, WPA, JTS), Leiden, 2300 RC, the Netherlands.
概括
临床医生对痴呆症患者安乐死的看法因国家而异,荷兰临床医生表现出更高的接受度. 宗教和息治疗培训等个人因素也影响了这些对医生辅助死亡的看法.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 在生命末期的护理.
背景情况:
- 痴呆症患者的安乐死是一个复杂而道德问题.
- 临床医生应对痴呆症患者安乐死请求的角色需要了解他们的观点.
- 国际上对安乐死观点的差异凸显了跨文化研究的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 探索和比较临床医生对不同国家的痴呆症患者安乐死可接受性的态度.
- 确定与临床医生接受安乐死和愿意执行它相关的个人特征和应对风格.
- 了解文化和个人因素对痴呆症终身护理决策的影响.
主要方法:
- 作为CONT-END研究计划的一部分,进行了一项横截面图片研究.
- 采访了来自荷兰,瑞士,德国,美国,日本和以色列的202名医生和3名护士专家.
- 使用后勤回归分析来检查临床医师特征与安乐死可接受性之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 与其他国家 (23%-44%) 相比,安乐死在荷兰 (66%) 的接受度最高.
- 荷兰的临床医生比其他国家的医生更愿意执行安乐死 (58%),除了以色列 (40%).
- 规划和宗教应对风格,宗教信仰,息护理培训和使用情感社会支持与较低的接受度或意愿有关.
结论:
- 临床医生对痴呆症患者安乐死的看法在全国范围内有很大的差异.
- 个人因素,包括应对机制,宗教信仰和专业培训 (息治疗),在塑造这些观点方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 了解这些不同的观点对于制定伦理准则和为要求安乐死的痴呆症患者提供适当的护理至关重要.
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