素食饮食及其对n-3多不和脂肪酸的影响 人类中的脂肪酸状况:系统性审查
Rodrigo Chamorro1, Claudia Tabilo1, Yasna Muñoz1
1Departament of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Lipids
|September 16, 2025
概括
素食饮食增加了烯酸和α-烯酸的摄入量,但减少了必需的EPA和DHA. 补充剂,特别是怀孕期间的微藻油,可以改善多可萨赫萨酸状态.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 人类健康 人类健康 人类健康
- 饮食研究 饮食研究
背景情况:
- 素食饮食限制动物产品,可能导致营养缺乏.
- n-3多不和脂肪酸 (PUFA),特别是来自鱼类,对健康至关重要.
- 怀孕和生长等关键时期容易受到PUFA失衡的影响.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查素食饮食对人类n-6和n-3PUFA状态的影响.
- 专注于关键的发育阶段,包括怀孕和童年成长.
- 确定减轻素食者群体中PUFA缺乏症的潜在策略.
主要方法:
- 对2023年之前发表的研究进行系统的文献审查.
- 在PubMed,Springer和ScienceDirect数据库中进行了搜索.
- 包括使用定义的素食饮食类型和PUFA测量的研究;不包括评论和元分析.
主要成果:
- 素食饮食增加了酸 (LA) 和α-酸 (ALA) 的摄入量.
- 观察到显著降低了eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) 和docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 的度,特别是在纯素饮食中.
- 微藻油补充剂有效改善了血清DHA,特别是在怀孕和哺乳期间.
结论:
- 素食饮食改变了PUFA的特征,导致EPA和DHA水平降低.
- 饮食规划和补充是防止生命关键阶段缺陷的必要条件.
- 微藻衍生的DHA显示有望改善孕妇和哺乳期患者的状况.
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