探索元推理 - - 对阴谋论信仰和社会认知两极分化的命题信心
Carola Salvi1, Marta K Mielicki2, Alice Cancer3
1Department of Psychological and Social Sciences, John Cabot University, Rome, Italy.
Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science
|September 17, 2025
概括
阴谋论的信念源于错误的思维,而不仅仅是人们所相信的. 对解决问题的过度自信和社会认知两极分化有助于这些毫无根据的世界观.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 阴谋论在文化和时代中普遍存在,在COVID-19大流行等危机期间经常被放大.
- 这些理论可以显著影响公众的行为和态度,导致诸如疫苗犹等问题.
- 研究重点是阴谋论的元认知基础,特别是个人如何评估他们自己的解决问题的过程.
研究的目的:
- 调查元推理的不准确性之间的联系,如过度自信的问题解决,并倾向于相信阴谋论.
- 检查如何有缺陷的信任判断和问题解决中的错误与阴谋论的信念有关.
- 探索社会认知极化 (SCP) 在放大认知模式和阴谋信仰之间的关系中的作用.
主要方法:
- 研究1分析了关于COVID-19阴谋信念和复合远程协同 (CRA) 任务中的可解决性判断的档案数据.
- 第二项研究评估了Rebus拼图中的错误与阴谋信念之间的关系,以及社会认知两极化 (SCP) 的测量.
- 这两项研究都检查了问题解决任务中过度自信的元认知标志物.
主要成果:
- 阴谋论的信念与高度的,往往是不合理的,命题的信心有关.
- 在研究1中,COVID-19阴谋信念与CRA任务中的可解决性初步判断相关.
- 在研究2中,对Rebus拼图的委托错误与阴谋信念有关,SCP显著放大了这一效应.
结论:
- 阴谋论的信念受到个人思维方式的重大影响,特别是他们的元推理过程和对他们的判断的信心.
- 有缺陷的元推理,以过度自信为特征,是阴谋论信念的关键认知基础.
- 根据SCP的测量,社会政治态度与认知模式相互作用,以维持阴谋主义的世界观.
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