在现代人工智能辅助的药物发现中图示神经网络
Odin Zhang1, Haitao Lin2, Xujun Zhang1
1College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, China.
Chemical reviews
|September 17, 2025
概括
图形神经网络 (GNN) 正通过分析分子结构来彻底改变人工智能辅助的药物发现. 本综述详细介绍了从属性预测到分子生成的GNN应用,强调了该领域的进步和挑战.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 计算化学计算化学
- 药物发现 药物发现 药物发现
背景情况:
- 被称为图形神经网络 (GNN) 的深度学习模型擅长分析结构数据.
- GNNs直接处理分子图,捕获复杂的拓和几何特征,这些特征对于类似药物的分子至关重要.
- 这些模型在当代分子建模中变得越来越重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供GNN方法及其在药物发现中的应用的全面审查.
- 涵盖包括财产预测,虚拟选,分子生成,知识图形构建和合成规划在内的关键领域.
- 讨论GNN在药物发现中的最新进展和实际挑战.
主要方法:
- 关于药物发现中的图形神经网络现有文献的综述.
- 在各种药物发现任务中对GNN应用进行分类.
- 分析最近的方法发展,如几何GNN,可解释模型和可扩展架构.
- 与其他深度学习技术的整合,如自我监督和多任务学习.
主要成果:
- GNNs为学习分子特征提供了直观的框架,增强了人工智能辅助的药物发现.
- 应用范围包括分子性质预测,虚拟选,de novo分子生成和合成规划.
- 最近的进展包括几何GNN,可解释的AI,不确定性量化和可扩展的图形架构.
结论:
- GNNs是人工智能辅助药物发现的强大工具,在分析分子结构方面具有显著优势.
- 方法学的进步和与其他深度学习方法的整合正在扩大GNN的能力.
- 解决实际挑战对于在现实世界药物发现管道中成功实施GNN至关重要.
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