德国部分合法化前后大麻消费:早期趋势,消费模式和动机
Eva Hoch1, Eva-Maria Krowartz, Regina Hollweck
1IFT Center for Mental Health & Addiction Research, Munich; Cannabinoid Research Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich; Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Charlotte Fresenius University, Munich.
Deutsches Arzteblatt international
|September 17, 2025
概括
在德国,大麻的使用在2024年合法化后略有,但不显著地增加. 大多数使用者使用大麻,通常是关节,以娱乐和减压的动机. 需要进一步研究以了解长期影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 药物滥用研究 药物滥用研究
- 大麻政策评估 大麻政策评估
背景情况:
- 从2012年到2021年,德国观察到过去12个月大麻使用量增加.
- 大麻在2024年在德国被部分合法化用于娱乐用途.
- 在合法化后的早期阶段检查消费模式至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析部分娱乐合法化前后德国大麻消费趋势.
- 识别大麻使用模式,包括产品类型,消费方法和动机.
主要方法:
- 利用了2012年,2015年,2018年,2021年和2024年的药物滥用流行病学调查 (ESA) 的数据.
- 分析了一项针对私人家庭中德语成年人进行的重复横截面调查.
- 包括每波9000多名参与者的样本大小,到2024年将达到7534人.
主要成果:
- 过去12个月大麻使用率从2012年的4.6%增加到2021年的8.8%.
- 患病率在2024年达到9.8%,比2021年略有增加,但在统计学上并不显著.
- 大多数使用者 (92.3%) 作为关节 (88.6%) 消费大麻,其中25.7%在大麻社交俱乐部. 激励因素包括娱乐 (66.8%) 和减轻压力 (61.3%).
结论:
- 在德国合法化后的早期时期,大麻使用率的小幅,不显著的增加被观察到.
- 目前的数据表明,确定大麻合法化对大麻消费模式的明显影响还为时过早.
- 持续监测对于了解大麻合法化的长期影响至关重要.
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