使用23肺炎球菌多糖疫苗预防心血管不良事件:一项随机临床试验
Alexis Hure1, Roseanne Peel1, Catherine D'Este2
1The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
JAMA cardiology
|September 17, 2025
概括
肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗接种 (PPV23) 并没有显著降低高危成年人患急性冠状动脉综合征或缺血性中风的风险. 由于该研究的研究,需要进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 预防传染病 预防传染病
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 观察性研究表明,肺炎球菌多糖体疫苗 (PPV) 可以预防动脉样硬化.
- 之前没有任何随机临床试验研究过PPV对心血管事件的影响.
研究的目的:
- 确定肺炎球菌疫苗 (PPV23) 是否减少致命/非致命的急性冠状动脉综合征和缺血性中风的复合结果.
- 评估PPV23在患有心血管疾病风险增加的人群中的疗效.
主要方法:
- 一个双盲,安慰剂控制的随机临床试验,涉及4725名年龄在55-60岁的参与者,患有心血管风险因素.
- 参与者接受PPV23或安慰剂,随访7年.
- 主要结局:心肌梗塞或缺血性中风的组合,使用竞争性风险模型进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在PPV23组 (58事件) 和安慰剂组 (64事件) 之间,主要结局没有显著差异.
- 主要结果的危险比为0.90 (95% CI,0.63-1.28;P=.57).
- 探索性结果,包括全因死亡率和住院病例,也显示没有显著差异. 由于事件发生率低于预期,研究不足.
结论:
- 在这项试验中,PPV23没有显示出急性冠状动脉综合征或缺血性中风率的显著降低.
- 该研究的发现受到不足的统计能力的限制.
- 对PPV对心血管的益处进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
相关概念视频
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
3.3K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
3.3K
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures
563
Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
563
Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
752
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
752
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures
3.5K
Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
3.5K
Cancer Vaccines
917
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
917
Preventive Healthcare Services
1.8K
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
1.8K


