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通过分析精英游泳者的人类学,峰值表现年龄和与年龄相关的表现进展,对性能预测的建模
Amir Nazari Mehrabi1, Hamoon Imani1, Omid Khademnoe2
1Department of Sport Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
PloS one
|September 17, 2025
概括
顶尖的游泳运动员.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类表现的人类表现.
背景情况:
- 对于精英游泳运动员来说,了解与年龄相关的表现进展和峰值表现年龄 (PPA) 是至关重要的.
- 人类测量数据和历史绩效趋势为人才识别和培训策略提供了信息.
研究的目的:
- 为精英游泳运动员的峰值表现年龄开发一个预测模型.
- 为了分析人类测量差异和PPA在游泳运动和性别之间的历史变化.
- 确定关键绩效指标,以预测未来的成功.
主要方法:
- 分析了人类学,与年龄相关的表现进展和PPA在前20名男性和女性游泳者在5次/风格和17场比赛中的分析.
- 开发特定事件和性别的动态面板数据模型,以制定绩效趋势.
- 根据出生年份对"以前"和"最近"的游泳群体进行比较,以分析历史变化.
主要成果:
- 在游泳节奏和性别之间观察到显著的人类测量差异 (例如,男性自由泳游泳者高于蝶).
- 峰值表现年龄因中风而有显著差异,男性的胸部运动 (BT) 游泳者以后达到峰值.
- 最近的游泳者通常比以前的游泳者更矮,更轻,更年轻,这表明精英游泳人口结构的变化.
- 过去的表现 (1-2年) 和体重 (100米后背) 是未来表现的重要预测因素.
结论:
- 开发的模型为教练提供了一个实用的工具,可以预测峰值表现的年龄,设定基准,并评估人才.
- 了解人体测量和PPA趋势有助于优化竞争游泳的培训和人才识别策略.
- 结合历史性表现数据的预测模型可以增强精英游泳者的目标设定和表现进展.
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