在气候变暖下,北极和高山永久土之间的气候-碳反权衡
Tao Bao1, Xiyan Xu1, Gensuo Jia1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Earth System Numerical Modeling and Application, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Science advances
|September 17, 2025
概括
永久土变暖的温室气体排放产生复杂的气候反. 虽然北极永久土加强了碳沉积,但高山永久土减弱,增加了其全球变暖潜力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 由于全球变暖而导致的永久土融化可能会释放温室气体 (GHG),可能会产生积极的气候反.
- 永久土温室气体排放对全球变暖的净影响仍然不确定,特别是在不同地区.
研究的目的:
- 综合实验性变暖 (~2°C) 对生长季节二氧化碳 (CO2),甲 (CH4) 和二氧化 (N2O) 从高山和北极永久土的排放的影响.
- 确定永久土对气候变暖的反应及其对气候反的影响的区域差异.
主要方法:
- 在阿尔卑斯山和北极地区,对永久土进行了2°C的试验升温.
- 测量生长季节的二氧化碳 (CO2),甲 (CH4) 和氧化 (N2O) 排放量.
- 分析土壤湿度对温室气体排放的影响,以应对变暖.
主要成果:
- 变暖削弱了高山永久土中的温室气体沉降,使其全球变暖潜力增加了13%.
- 气候变暖加强了北极永久土中的温室气体沉降,使其全球变暖潜力减少了10%.
- 高山永久土的升温引起的干燥削弱了二氧化碳的吸收,但增加了CH4的吸收,而温暖的湿北极永久土增加了二氧化碳的吸收和CH4的排放. 阿尔卑斯山的N2O排放量比北极永久土的增加更大.
结论:
- 保持永久土地区的额外变暖低于2°C可能可以避免永久土气候的积极反.
- 需要采取措施来保护阿尔卑斯山永久土生态系统脆弱的碳汇功能.
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