在植物再生过程中将单个体细胞重新编程为多能状态
Li Ping Tang1, Li Ming Zhai2, Jiming Li3
1State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China; Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shandong Agricultural University and Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Cell
|September 17, 2025
概括
植物细胞可以重新获得全能,形成整个生物体的能力. 研究人员发现特定的基因活动,包括LEC2和SPCH,驱使分化细胞成为全能体胚胎创始细胞.
科学领域:
- 植物发育生物学
- 细胞重编程
- 植物再生
背景情况:
- 一个单个细胞再生整个生物体的能力, 是一个基本的生物过程.
- 了解分化的体细胞如何重新获得强度对于促进再生生物学至关重要.
- 从分化的细胞命运转变到全能性的机制在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究分化体细胞转化为Arabidopsis的全能细胞的重编程.
- 识别参与体细胞获得全能性的关键分子参与者和途径.
- 阐明从口腔血统祖先到体胚胎创始细胞的轨迹.
主要方法:
- 通过实时成像观察细胞的转变.
- 单核RNA测序 (snRNA-seq) 用于分析单细胞水平的基因表达.
- 空间激光捕获微解剖与RNA测序 (LCM-RNA-seq) 结合,以在特定细胞群体中分析基因表达.
主要成果:
- LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (LEC2) 和SPEECHLESS (SPCH) 能够将母细胞重编程成全能体胚胎创始细胞 (SEFC).
- 鉴定出一个血统分支点,即MMC衍生品要么致力于保护细胞,要么进入辅酶丰富的中间状态.
- 一个局部辅酶生物合成电路,涉及ARABIDOPSIS的TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE 1 (TAA1) 和YUCCA4 (YUC4),对于SEFC的规范和胚胎生成至关重要.
结论:
- 体母细胞 (MMC) 是阿拉比多普西斯体胚胎的起源.
- 通过TAA1/YUC介导的辅酶生物合成对于获得全能性和随后的体质胚胎形成是不可或缺的.
- 这项研究定义了一种由辅酶驱动的,通过转录调节的途径,将口腔祖先与体质胚胎产生联系起来,从而促进了对植物再生可塑性的理解.
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