一个可解释的生成多式神经成像-基因组学框架,用于解码阿尔茨海默病的疾病
Giorgio Dolci1,2,3, Federica Cruciani2, Md Abdur Rahaman3
1Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Journal of neural engineering
|September 17, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一个深度学习框架,使用多模式MRI和遗传数据来准确检测阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和预测轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 转换器,提高诊断能力.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是全球痴呆的主要原因.
- 轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 是阿尔茨海默病的前发症阶段,患者要么进展到阿尔茨海默病,要么保持稳定.
- 多模式数据集成和处理缺失数据对于准确的AD和MCI预测至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种多式深度学习 (DL) 框架,用于对AD患者与健康对照进行分类.
- 为了检测使用多式核磁共振和单核酸多态 (SNP) 的MCI转换器.
- 为了归纳缺失的多式联运数据,并提高模型的可解释性.
主要方法:
- 一个多式联网DL框架,包含一个生成模块 (循环GANs) 用于缺失数据的归算.
- 可解释AI (XAI) 的应用,用于特征相关性提取和模型可解释性.
- 利用结构和功能MRI数据与SNP一起用于分类和预测任务.
主要成果:
- 在AD检测 (0.926±0.02) 和MCI转换预测 (0.711±0.01) 中取得了高准确性.
- 在AD相关的皮质和皮质下大脑区域中确定了灰质调制.
- 揭示了感觉运动和视觉静止状态网络的损伤,并将基因突变与内细胞分裂,粉样蛋白-β和胆固醇通路联系起来.
结论:
- 综合性和可解释的DL方法在AD检测和MCI预测方面表现强.
- 该框架为AD病变发生提供了有价值的生物学见解.
- 这种方法为早期诊断和了解AD和MCI提供了一个有希望的工具.
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