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High-Level and Low-Level Awareness01:19

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Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...
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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
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心灵流浪如何影响干扰器的抑制?

Han Zhang1, Kevin F Miller2, John Jonides1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan.

Visual cognition
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

抑制对分心的注意力最初不需要注意力资源. 然而,当分散注意力的因素存在时,思维漫游可以延长搜索时间,影响后来的处理阶段.

关键词:
捕捉注意力的捕捉.眼睛的运动 眼睛的运动思想漫游 - 思想漫游视觉搜索 视觉搜索 视觉搜索

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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 视觉注意力研究 视觉注意力研究

背景情况:

  • 对有效的视觉搜索而言,过度抑制注意力至关重要.
  • 人们认为注意力资源是有限的,是认知控制所必需的.
  • 注意力资源在抑制突出的分心因子中的作用仍在争论中.

研究的目的:

  • 调查是否需要注意力资源来抑制对突出的分散注意力的公开注意力.
  • 在视觉搜索过程中检查心灵漫游对分散注意力的干扰的影响.
  • 为了确定最初的眼动是否准确地反映了分心干扰的干扰.

主要方法:

  • 参与者执行了一个特征搜索任务,在各种分心因素中搜索目标形状.
  • 思想探测器评估了心灵流浪,瞳孔大小测量了注意力资源的波动.
  • 追踪眼动以分析最初的固定和搜索模式.

主要成果:

  • 不管注意力资源是否可用,对分散注意力的初始眼动的抑制都发生了.
  • 心灵流浪导致在有分散注意力的情况下增加了目标查看时间.
  • 最初的公开注意部署似乎是自动的,不依赖于资源,但分心因素可能会阻碍以后的处理.

结论:

  • 在功能搜索中对突出的分心因素的初始公开关注可能是自动的,由选择历史驱动.
  • 干扰干扰可以影响以后的视觉处理阶段,特别是在心灵漫游期间.
  • 仅仅是眼睛的运动并不能完全捕捉整个视觉搜索过程中分心干扰的程度.