咖啡因无论加油策略如何,都会提高表现;然而,高碳水化合物可用性与相对于性饮食相比,与提高训练速度有关
Louise M Burke1, Lucy Merrell2, Ida A Heikura1
1Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
The British journal of nutrition
|September 18, 2025
概括
在低碳水化合物,高脂肪饮食的精英跑步者体验到训练表现下降. 与高碳水化合物饮食相比,补充咖啡因部分改善了表现,但没有完全恢复它.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人体生理学 人体生理学
- 营养生物化学 营养生物化学
背景情况:
- 饮食策略显著影响体育表现.
- 低碳水化合物,高脂肪 (LCHF) 饮食越来越多地被用于运动适应.
- 在高强度训练指标上,LCHF饮食的潜在损害需要调查.
研究的目的:
- 确认与低碳水化合物 (CHO) 高脂肪饮食 (LCHF) 相关的减少训练指标.
- 调查咖啡因补充剂在减轻LCHF诱导的性能损害方面的有效性.
- 为了比较高CHO可用性 (HCHO) 和LCHF饮食,含咖啡因和不含咖啡因之间的训练质量.
主要方法:
- 一项为期3周的平行小组研究,涉及21名精英跑步者.
- 参与者被分配到高CHO可用性 (HCHO) 或LCHF饮食中.
- 在随机交叉设计中,训练会补充了咖啡因 (3 mg/kg) 或安慰剂.
主要成果:
- 与基线和HCHO组相比,LCHF运动员表现下降.
- 咖啡因补充剂显著改善了所有运动员在训练期间的步行速度和vVO2max百分比.
- 尽管咖啡因部分扭转了损伤,但HCHO运动员保持了卓越的训练质量.
结论:
- LCHF饮食损害了精英赛跑步者的高强度训练表现.
- 补充咖啡因可以部分缓解与LCHF饮食相关的性能下降.
- 保持高碳水化合物可用性对于耐力运动员的最佳训练质量至关重要.
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