在自闭症中,日历计算是如何可能的? 一个语言模型
Jade Desrosiers1, David Gagnon2, Alexia Ostrolenk2
1Departement de Psychologie, Universite de Montreal.
Psychological review
|September 18, 2025
概括
自闭症的日历计算 (CC) 可能源于与生俱来的语言能力,转向符号系统. 这解释了自闭症个体的特殊能力和语言发展.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 脑损伤和独特的认知能力的案例研究为我们对人类认知的理解提供了信息.
- 日历计算 (CC) 是自闭症的一个显著的特殊能力,其特点是异常的速度和准确性.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种综合模型,以了解自闭症患者的日历计算 (CC) 的发展和掌握.
- 探索非典型语言学习途径在促进复杂符号系统专业知识方面的作用.
主要方法:
- 基于现有的自闭症研究,语言学习和认知能力的概念模型开发.
- 整合关于自闭症儿童口语延迟和对书面代码的偏好的研究结果.
主要成果:
- 拟议的模型表明,先天的语言认知资源,当面向符号系统时,驱动自闭症中CC的发展.
- 非典型的语言学习,特别是对书面代码的早期偏好,可能会促进对非社会复杂材料的专业知识.
结论:
- 整合模型为自闭症的语言轨迹提供了一个新的视角.
- 该框架强调了人类语言能力的灵活性及其在不同领域培养专业知识的潜力.
更多相关视频
09:13Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Published on: April 22, 2015
17.0K
10:11Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
Published on: December 14, 2012
19.0K
相关概念视频
Modeling in Therapy
382
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
382
Autism Spectrum Disorder
987
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
987
Learning Disabilities
576
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
576
Mathematical Modeling: Problem Solving
278
Mathematical modeling transforms real-world scenarios into mathematical expressions, allowing for structured problem-solving and analysis. This process involves defining the situation, assigning variables to measurable quantities, selecting an appropriate model, and solving the resulting equation. Such models are invaluable in finance, providing precise methods to evaluate investments, loans, and repayment structures.A widely used example is the calculation of fixed monthly payments on a loan,...
278
Reinforcement Schedules
460
Positive reinforcement is a powerful method for teaching new behaviors to both animals and humans. B.F. Skinner demonstrated this with his experiments using rats in a Skinner box. When a rat pressed a lever, it received a food pellet. This immediate reward encouraged the rat to repeat the behavior. This method, where a reward follows every instance of the behavior, is known as continuous reinforcement. It is highly effective for establishing new behaviors quickly.
Once a behavior is learned,...
Once a behavior is learned,...
460
Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior
218
Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
218
