绝经后妇女的体力活动和中风发病率:来自妇女健康倡议的见解
Ganesh Asaithambi1, Brian Silver2, Anne-Marie Meyer3
1Allina Health Neuroscience, Spine, and Pain Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Neuroepidemiology
|September 18, 2025
概括
定期体育活动 (PA) 显著降低了绝经后妇女中风风险. 适度的PA特别有利于减少总和缺血性中风,支持PA作为主要的中风预防策略.
科学领域:
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 脑卒中是导致死亡和残疾的主要原因,特别是在老年人中.
- 识别可预防的风险因素,如身体活动 (PA),对于预防中风至关重要.
- 绝经后的妇女是中风风险降低策略的关键人口.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同水平和类型的娱乐性PA与总,缺血性和出血性中风风险之间的关联.
- 根据强度 (轻度,中度,强度) 和活动类型 (步行) 来确定PA是否会对中风风险产生不同的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究,涉及139,871名绝经后妇女 (50-79岁) 来自妇女健康倡议 (1993-1998).
- 随访时间平均为8.5年,记录了发生的中风 (总,缺血,出血).
- 考克斯回归分析用于计算危险比率 (HR) 和95%置信区间 (CI),并对多个混因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 较高的总血压,步行和中度血压与减少总和缺血性中风风险有关.
- 强烈的PA显示了与缺血性中风的J形关联,并且与出血性中风相反相关.
- 轻轻的PA与中风风险没有显著关联,而总和强烈的PA与较低的出血性中风风险有关.
结论:
- 增加的娱乐性PA,特别是中度强度,与绝经后妇女的总和缺血性中风风险较低有关.
- 强烈的PA需要谨慎解释,因为它与缺血性中风的J形关联.
- 促进身体活动是预防绝经后妇女中风的重要策略.
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