人类在深度和层次上有较长的皮质成熟期,而不是
Monami Nishio1, Xingyu Liu1, Allyson P Mackey1
1Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
PLoS biology
|September 18, 2025
概括
人类和的大脑发育表现出一种保留的"内外"成熟梯度. 人类在整个皮质中表现出长期的发育,扩展复杂的认知功能的可塑性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
背景情况:
- 灵长类动物的产后大脑发育对于更高的认知功能至关重要.
- 皮层成熟遵循层次梯度,但深度依赖的变化不太了解.
- 需要进行跨物种的比较,以确定保存的和人类特有的发育模式.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较人类和的深度依赖和区域皮质成熟轨迹.
- 研究灵长类皮层发育的保存特征和人类特异性的阐述.
- 使用T1加权/T2加权 (T1w/T2w) 的MRI比率作为皮质微架构的非侵入性标记.
主要方法:
- 使用T1w/T2wMRI比率对深度依赖和区域发展轨迹进行系统比较.
- 对人类和的皮层深度和表面的成熟梯度的分析.
- 识别保存的"内外"成熟模式和特定物种的差异.
主要成果:
- 在这两种物种中都发现了皮层成熟的"内外"梯度,而更深层的皮层成熟的时间更早.
- 这种依赖深度的模式嵌入了一个更广泛的层次梯度,从传感运动到关联皮层.
- 与相比,人类在所有区域和深度都显示出显著延长的皮层发育.
结论:
- 灵长类动物的保存发育梯度在人类中得到了详细阐述.
- 长期的人类皮质发育支持一个延长的出生后可塑性窗口.
- 这种扩展的可塑性使得神经回路的经验依赖的精细化成为复杂的认知.
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