印度儿童和青少年的三次皮肤内狂犬病暴露后预防的免疫性
Anurag Agarwal1, Shirin Rana1, Surendra Bahadur Mathur2
1From the Department of Pediatrics, Maulana Azad Medical College & Associated Hospitals, New Delhi.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
|September 18, 2025
概括
一个3次狂犬病疫苗接种方案在印度儿童和青少年中显示出高免疫性,但很少有百分比的非保护性抗体水平. 在采用这种缩短的狂犬病暴露后预防方案之前,建议进行进一步的多中心研究.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 狂犬病是一种致命的,疫苗可以预防的疾病,在印度很普遍.
- 目前的标准是4次皮肤内狂犬病暴露后预防 (PEP).
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 建议缩短3次PEP疗程,但儿科数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估印度儿童和青少年 (<18岁) 进行3次皮肤内狂犬病PEP的免疫性.
- 评估三会制对于印度潜在的政策采用是否足够.
- 在儿科和青少年群体中确定PEP后的血清保护性抗体水平.
主要方法:
- 在印度新德里一家三级医院进行了一项描述性的横截面研究.
- 在第四剂狂犬病疫苗接种之前,有82名儿童和青少年被录取.
- 使用ELISA测量IgG抗狂犬病病毒糖蛋白抗体水平;血清保护定义为≥0.5EU/mL.
主要成果:
- 96.3% (79/82) 的参与者达到血清保护性抗体水平 (≥0.5 EU/mL).
- 几何平均抗体值为2.67欧盟/毫升.
- 3.7% (3/82) 的水平不具有保护性,其中2人在第四剂后达到血清转化;一年内没有发生狂犬病病例.
结论:
- 在印度儿科和青少年群体中,狂犬病PEP治疗方案的3个会话显示出高的免疫性.
- 一小部分参与者 (3.7%) 具有非保护性抗体水平,这引发了安全问题.
- 在等待通过多中心研究在不同儿科群体中得到更广泛的验证之前,建议继续使用4次治疗方案.
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